Бегматов А.Т.
Kokand University
Кафедра социальных наук
Узбекистан, Коканд
Изучение
языка с компьютером и некоторые его особенности
В
статье описаны особенности изучения иностранного языка с использованием компьютерных
технологий, а также особенности изучения иностранного языка на компьютере и с
помощью преподавателя.
Begmatov A. T.
Kokand
University
Department of Social Sciences
Uzbekistan, Kokand
Computer assisted language
learning and some peculiarities of it
The article
describes the specifics of learning a foreign language using computer
technology, as well as the specifics of learning a foreign language using a
computer and with the help of a teacher.
Without any shadow
of a doubt, it can be considered that the 21st century is technological century
as the whole humankind have been using different types of electrical appliances
or other techniques on their daily basis. One of the greatest and widespread
technologies is computer and internet. Computer is used all spheres of life
like housing, cooking, taking care of ill people, nursing and of course
teaching. As teaching is essential part of the life as well as computers are
also considered as the best friend of humankind, both objectives of life can be
put together. There are two phrases to differentiate each other:
1) Computer
language that is a formal language used in communication with a computer. Types
of computer languages include: Construction language – all forms of
communication by which a human can specify an executable problem solution to a
computer.
2) Computer
assisted language that is an approach to teaching and learning in which the
computer and computer-based resources such as the Internet are used to present,
reinforce and assess material to be learned. It usually includes a substantial
interactive element.
The technologies
used in CALL (Computer Assisted Language Learning) instruction generally fall
into two categories, software and Internet-based activities.
Software -
software used in a CALL environment can be designed specifically for
foreign/second language learning or adapted for this purpose. Most language
textbook publishers offer educational software of some sort, whether it is
meant to support a paper textbook or to stand alone for self-study.
Most programs
designed for language learning are tutorials. These generally are drill
programs that consist of a brief introduction plus a series of questions to
which the learner responds and then the computer gives some kind of feedback.
With these kinds of programs, the material to be learned may already be
programmed in by the publisher, which is more common, or may allow the
instructor to program in the material to be learned.
Programs not
designed specifically for language learning can be adapted for this purpose.
Generally, these are task-based activities where the stated goal is something
other than language learning; however, using the target language is essential
for getting the task done. For example, with facemaker, students create
different faces by using words in the language to command the computer.
Role-playing games, where the user creates and controls a character in a
fantasy realm, can be used in this manner as well.
Internet-based -
The World Wide Web was launched in 1992 reaching the general public by 1993,
opening up new possibilities in CALL. Internet activities vary considerably,
from online versions of software (where the learner interacts with a networked
computer), to computer-mediated communication (where the learner interacts with
other people via the computer), to applications that combine these two
elements.
Teaching or
learning a foreign language is not an easy matter. Most of time it depends on
both teacher and learner as well. In order to reach the success, educators can:
- Expose students to as much of the
language as possible - While this may sound like an obvious thing to do, it is
not always utilized in classrooms. Limit the native language and focus on the
target one in your interactions with your students. Even if they don’t know any
of the target language, they can still easily learn simple classroom commands.
- Get hands-on: Encourage participation
with games - Learning a new language cannot be a passive experience; get your
students involved utilizing games and role-playing. Grammar exercises can be
turned into participatory games that encourage students to think on their feet.
Role-playing is essential for recreating real-world scenarios in which students
would use their language skills.
- Encourage activities outside the
classroom. To effectively learn a new language, students need to be as engaged
as possible even when outside of the classroom.
- Teach culture alongside the language.
It’s not enough to simply teach speaking; students must understand the meaning
behind the language. Unveiling the culture from which the target language
originates is essential in helping the student appreciate the true depth of the
words being taught.
- Use multimedia to enhance the learning
experience. The problem most language students have after learning in the
classroom is the inability to communicate effectively in the country of the
language. We each know at least one person who studied many years of a language
in high school, only to find him or herself incapable of ordering a coffee when
it comes down to it.
As it can be seen, technology and teaching are
connected with each other. Even teaching face to face needs technology but
still a live lesson should be conducted.
CALL’s origins and
development trace back to the 1960’s and since has consisted of a symbiotic
relationship between the development of technology and pedagogy. Its
development can be divided into three phases: behavioristic CALL, communicative
CALL and integrative /explorative CALL. The current philosophy of CALL puts a
strong emphasis on student-centred materials that allow learners to work on
their own. Such materials may be structured or unstructured, but they normally
embody two important features: interactive learning and individualized
learning. CALL is essentially a tool that helps teachers to facilitate the
language learning process. It can be used to reinforce what has already been
learned in the classroom or as a remedial tool to help learners who require
additional support.
To conclude, learning a foreign language with the help of computer can be really effective. However, a teacher or tutor’s lesson would be more live and helpful for a learner. There are several reasons for that, firstly, a student can feel natural lesson and give any question according to the theme, secondly, the learners are encouraged with the help of different methods by experienced teachers. At last, but not least, learners have a classroom environment to get the knowledge and the classroom environment is essential to cope with the intelligence. Although there are several ways to learn a language, I still believe that learning a foreign language should be done at classroom in any age. Then of course, practice can be done.
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3. Rajapova Malika
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March 2021.
4. Higgins, John (1983). "Computer assisted language learning". Language Teaching. 16(2): 102–114. doi:10.1017/S0261444800009988